According to Vitalik Buterin, the Ethereum development roadmap includes several significant next steps. These involve integrating Helios or similar alternatives into user wallets for both mobile and desktop platforms. Additionally, Layer 2 (L2) configurations are planned to transition on-chain, with the initial steps outlined on GitHub. Furthermore, these L2 configurations will incorporate the specification of state proof verification rules, enhancing the security and functionality of Ethereum's scaling solutions.